Category: Historical

In Gaffney v Cummings, 412 U.S. 735 (1973), the U.S. Supreme Court held that exact equality between districts was not required for state redistricting as it is for Congressional districts. The Court further held that “political fairness” could j...

In Vieth v Jubelirer, 541 U.S. 267 (2004), a plurality of the U.S. Supreme Court held that partisan gerrymandering claims are non-justiciable and sought to overrule the Court’s prior decision in Davis v. Bandemer. In his concurrence, Justice Antho...

In Davis v Bandemer, 478 U.S. 109 (1986), the U.S. Supreme Court held that held partisan gerrymandering claims were justiciable. However, the justices failed to agree on a legal standard to address them. Facts of the Case In 1981, the India...

In Murdock v Pennsylvania, 319 U.S. 105 (1943), the U.S. Supreme Court struck down a municipal ordinance that taxed the door-to-door sale of religious merchandise. According to the divided Court, such a tax violated the First Amendment’s Free Exer...